Complete the notes.

Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

The history of weather forecasting

Ancient cultures

• many cultures believed that floods and other disasters were involved in the creation of the world

• many cultures invented [1] and other ceremonies to make the weather gods friendly

• people needed to observe and interpret the sky to ensure their [2]

• around 650 BC, Babylonians started forecasting, using weather phenomena such as [3]

• by 300 BC, the Chinese had a calendar made up of a number of [4] connected with the weather

Ancient Greeks

• a more scientific approach

• Aristotle tried to explain the formation of various weather phenomena

• Aristotle also described haloes and [5]

Middle Ages

• Aristotle’s work considered accurate

• many proverbs, e.g. about the significance of the colour of the [6], passed on accurate information.

15th-19th centuries

• 15th century: scientists recognised value of [7] for the first time

• Galileo invented the [8]

• Pascal showed relationship between atmospheric pressure and altitude

• from the 17th century, scientists could measure atmospheric pressure and temperature

• 18th century: Franklin identified the movement of [9]

• 19th century: data from different locations could be sent to the same place by [10]