Complete the notes below.

Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

Early history of keeping clean

Prehistoric times:

● water was used to wash off [1]

Ancient Babylon:

● soap-like material found in [2] cylinders

Ancient Greece:

● people cleaned themselves with sand and other substances

● used a strigil – scraper made of [3]

● washed clothes in streams

Ancient Germany and Gaul:

● used soap to colour their [4]

Ancient Rome:

● animal fat, ashes and clay mixed through action of rain, used for washing clothes

● from about 312 BC, water carried to Roman [5] by aqueducts

Europe in Middle Ages:

● decline in bathing contributed to occurrence of [6]

● [7] began to be added to soap

Europe from 17th century:

● 1600s: cleanliness and bathing started becoming usual

● 1791: Leblanc invented a way of making soda ash from [8]

● early 1800s: Chevreul turned soapmaking into a [9]

● from 1800s, there was no longer a [10] on soap.